John 10:1-21


“Truly, truly, I say to you, he who does not enter the sheepfold by the door but climbs in by another way, that man is a thief and a robber. But he who enters by the door is the shepherd of the sheep. To him the gatekeeper opens. The sheep hear his voice, and he calls his own sheep by name and leads them out. When he has brought out all his own, he goes before them, and the sheep follow him, for they know his voice. A stranger they will not follow, but they will flee from him, for they do not know the voice of strangers.” This figure of speech Jesus used with them, but they did not understand what he was saying to them.


So Jesus again said to them, “Truly, truly, I say to you, I am the door of the sheep. All who came before me are thieves and robbers, but the sheep did not listen to them. I am the door. If anyone enters by me, he will be saved and will go in and out and find pasture. The thief comes only to steal and kill and destroy. I came that they may have life and have it abundantly. I am the good shepherd. The good shepherd lays down his life for the sheep. He who is a hired hand and not a shepherd, who does not own the sheep, sees the wolf coming and leaves the sheep and flees, and the wolf snatches them and scatters them. He flees because he is a hired hand and cares nothing for the sheep. I am the good shepherd. I know my own and my own know me, just as the Father knows me and I know the Father; and I lay down my life for the sheep. And I have other sheep that are not of this fold. I must bring them also, and they will listen to my voice. So there will be one flock, one shepherd. For this reason the Father loves me, because I lay down my life that I may take it up again. No one takes it from me, but I lay it down of my own accord. I have authority to lay it down, and I have authority to take it up again. This charge I have received from my Father.”


There was again a division among the Jews because of these words. Many of them said, “He has a demon, and is insane; why listen to him?” Others said, “These are not the words of one who is oppressed by a demon. Can a demon open the eyes of the blind?” (John 10:1-21 ESV)


Jesus, the Good Shepherd

In John 10, Jesus declares Himself to be the "Good Shepherd." This image of Jesus as the Shepherd is filled with profound meaning and significance. First, it emphasizes Jesus’ intimate relationship with His people. The sheep know the Shepherd's voice and follow Him. This personal relationship is central to our discipleship: it reminds us that Jesus knows each of us by name, leading and caring for us personally.

The Good Shepherd also contrasts with hired hands and false shepherds, who abandon the sheep at the first sign of danger. Jesus is not like them. He protects His sheep from danger—even to the point of laying down His life for them. This points us directly to the cross, where Jesus, as the Good Shepherd, willingly gave His life to save His people from sin and death. He has authority over His own life, freely laying it down and taking it up again in His resurrection.

As believers, we are called to hear His voice and follow Him, trusting in His perfect care and guidance. Through the Holy Spirit, we are empowered to discern His voice amid the many distractions and false voices that seek to lead us astray. The Word of God serves as our guide, aligning us with the true Shepherd and keeping us from deception.

Scriptures to Study:

Psalm 23, Ezekiel 34:11-16, Hebrews 13:20-21, 1 Peter 5:4


The Door to Abundant Life

In this passage, Jesus also identifies Himself as the "door" of the sheep. Through Him, we enter into salvation and find eternal security. He explains that those who enter by Him "will be saved and will go in and out and find pasture." This is a picture of the abundant life that Jesus offers—freedom, provision, and safety in Him. The sheep are not just protected, but they also thrive under His care.

Jesus warns against thieves and robbers who come to "steal, kill, and destroy." These represent false teachers, deceptive ideologies, and anything that draws us away from the truth of Christ. But Jesus offers the opposite: He came to give life, and not just any life, but life to the fullest. This abundant life is found in relationship with Him, as we grow in grace, deepen in trust, and rely on His Word and Spirit for guidance. Through the Holy Spirit, this life is manifested in us, as we walk in the fullness of Christ's love, joy, peace, and purpose.

Scriptures to Study:

John 14:6, Romans 8:1-2, 1 John 5:11-12, Ephesians 3:20-21


One Flock, One Shepherd

Jesus speaks of other sheep that are "not of this fold" (v. 16), indicating that His salvation would extend beyond the Jewish people to include Gentiles and people from every nation. This is a reminder of the global nature of the gospel. The Good Shepherd calls all who will listen to His voice, gathering them into one flock under His care.

This unity in Christ breaks down all barriers—ethnic, social, and cultural. In Christ, we are one body, unified by the Holy Spirit and bound together in His love. We are called to reflect this unity in the way we live and interact with others, showing the world that Jesus is the true Shepherd of all who believe. Our shared faith in Christ binds us together, and our commitment to His Word guides us as one flock.

Scriptures to Study:

Ephesians 2:13-16, Galatians 3:28, Revelation 7:9-10, Isaiah 56:8


Summary of Key Points


Life Application Questions